Abies nordmanniana
In the cool regions of the Northern Hemisphere, there is a pyramid-shaped, densely branched evergreen tree that can grow up to 50 meters tall. Its lower branches droop slightly downward. Its needle-like, dark green leaves are arranged spirally. There are distinct two stomatal lines on the lower surfaces of the leaves. The tips are blunt or notched, and the cones form at the branch tips. They prefer temperate climates and dislike calcareous soils. They thrive in high relative humidity during rainy and cool summer months. They have low light requirements and are tolerant of shade. Some species endemic to Turkey exist. They are cultivated as park, garden, and roadside trees.
